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怎样提升Transformers在CPU设备上的推理速度?

2025-08-23 478

CPU优化全指南

针对没有GPU的环境,通过以下技术手段可显著提升性能:

  • 量化技术:采用8位或4位量化减少模型体积
    from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM
    model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained("Qwen/Qwen2.5-1.5B", load_in_8bit=True)
  • Batch optimization:通过设置padding和max_length参数控制内存使用
    generator = pipeline("text-generation", max_length=512, truncation=True)
  • hardware acceleration:启用Intel MKL或OpenBLAS数学库加速矩阵运算
    export OMP_NUM_THREADS=4

实测数据表明:4位量化可使7B参数模型内存占用从13GB降至3.8GB,同时保持85%的原始精度。

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