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What is the Google A2A protocol? What problems does it address at its core?

2025-08-25 1.4 K

Basic definitions of the A2A protocol

A2A (Agent2Agent) is an open-source communication protocol introduced by Google, known as the Agent-to-Agent Communication Protocol. it is essentially a standardized set of interface specifications that define how different AI intelligences can discover each other, establish connections, and collaborate on tasks.

Issues addressed at the core

  • The problem of ecological fragmentation: Current AI intelligences in the enterprise are mostly developed by different vendors and based on different frameworks (e.g. LangChain, AutoGen, etc.), resulting in a lack of interoperability
  • task relay puzzle: Complex business processes require the collaboration of multiple intelligences (e.g., reimbursement processes involving document collection, approval, payment, etc.)
  • Lack of communication standards: Lack of harmonized authentication, data transmission and security mechanisms

Main technical means

Interoperability is achieved through three key technologies:
1. AgentCard: declaration of smart body capabilities in JSON format (similar to a digital business card)
2. task object model: Harmonized mechanisms for task creation, assignment and status tracking
3. multimodal channel: Support text, form, audio and video and other interaction methods

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