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How to solve the problem of running out of memory when running a large language model on a low end GPU?

2025-08-23 832

Solution Overview

针对低配GPU内存不足的问题,Hunyuan-A13B提供了两种量化版本和架构优化方案,可显著降低资源需求:

  • 选择量化版本:官方提供FP8和GPTQ-Int4两种量化模型。FP8版本适合中端GPU(如16GB VRAM),能减少50%内存占用;GPTQ-Int4版本仅需10GB VRAM,是低配设备的首选。
  • 启用MoE架构优势:模型80亿参数中仅13亿为活跃参数,运行时自动选择相关专家模块,默认配置下比全参数模型节省30%显存。
  • 使用TensorRT-LLM优化:通过Hugging Face下载量化模型后,建议搭配TensorRT-LLM后端部署,可进一步压缩计算图并优化内存分配。

procedure

  1. 下载量化模型:huggingface-cli download tencent/Hunyuan-A13B-Instruct-GPTQ-Int4
  2. 修改加载配置:在from_pretrained()中添加load_in_4bit=Trueparameters
  3. 设置内存阈值:通过max_memory={0:'10GB'}显式控制显存使用上限

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